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  • Amelanchier interior (Inland shadbush)

    Leaves and fruit of inland shadbush.
    inland shadbush
    Inland shadbush is related to serviceberry and offers similar ornamental features (white flowers, small red berries, excellent fall color). This species may be difficult to find in nurseries.

    Size Range:

    • Small tree (15-25 feet),
    • Compact tree (10-15 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Amelanchier laevis (Allegheny serviceberry)

    White spring flowers of Allegheny serviceberry.
    Allegheny serviceberry, smooth shadbush, Juneberry
    Allegheny serviceberry is a small native understory tree with four-season interest. The early white spring flowers, outstanding orange-red fall color, and striking gray bark make it a lovely specimen for any landscape. The edible purplish-black fruit in late summer is attractive to many birds.

    Size Range:

    • Small tree (15-25 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Amelanchier ovalis (Garden serviceberry)

    Placeholder image
    Garden serviceberry, snowy mespilus
    Garden serviceberry, also known as snowy mespilus is a European native. The upright, erect, multi-stemmed shrub is found on limestone outcrops and in rocky woods. The white spring flowers and edible blue berries attract birds and wildlife. This plant may be difficult to find in nurseries.

    Size Range:

    • Large shrub (more than 8 feet),
    • Medium shrub (5-8 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Amelanchier stolonifera (Running Serviceberry)

    Placeholder image
    Running serviceberry, Running Juneberry
    Running serviceberry is a small, 4 to 6 feet high suckering shrub with white flowers, dark blue edible fruits. Native to Northeastern United States. May be difficult to find in the nursery trade.

    Size Range:

    • Medium shrub (5-8 feet),
    • Small shrub (3-5 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • North America

  • Amelanchier x grandiflora (Apple serviceberry)

    Fruit of apple serviceberry.
    apple serviceberry, juneberry, shadblow
    Apple serviceberry is a wonderful four-season tree with white flowers in the spring, blue-green leaves that turn red in the fall, blue-black edible berries, and smooth silver-gray bark. Excellent for a woodland garden, naturalized setting, or as a specimen plant in a garden. This tree is a hybrid between two native serviceberries, downy serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea) and Alleghany serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis).

    Size Range:

    • Small tree (15-25 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Amorpha canescens (Leadplant)

    Flowers of lead plant.
    Leadplant
    Leadplant is a upright, rounded shrub, native to the Midwest, that does well in dry sandy to clay soil; the attractive gray-green foliage adds nice contrast in rock gardens. The purplish-blue flower spikes in June and July serve as a host to caterpillars, as well as a nectar source for butterflies, and a food source for birds.

    Size Range:

    • Small shrub (3-5 feet),
    • Low-growing shrub (under 3 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Amorpha fruticosa (Indigo-bush)

    Leaves and fruit of indigo-bush.
    indigo-bush; indigobush; false-indigo; desert indigo-bush; indigo bush amorpha; bastard indigo
    Indigo-bush is a medium to large, finely textured, native shrub for wet to dry soils. The 1-foot long, compound leaves are a gray-green. The long-blooming, showy, 3 to 6-inch long, upright flower spikes are royal purple with yellow -orange anthers. A cousin of the shorter prairie lead plant. Plants may be short-lived.

    Size Range:

    • Large shrub (more than 8 feet),
    • Medium shrub (5-8 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Porcelain vine)

    Porcelain vine has beautiful blue and purple berries.
    Porcelain vine, Amur peppervine
    Porcelain vine is a woody vine that produces berries in beautiful shades of purple and bright blue. Unfortunately these fruits contain seeds and the plant self-seeds aggressively making it weedy. This plant is under observation and may be listed on official invasive species lists in the near future. Review of risks should be undertaken before selecting this vine for planting sites.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Amsonia hubrichtii (Arkansas Blue Star)

    Flowers of Arkansas blue star.
    Arkansas blue star, Narrow-leaf blue star, Narrow-leaved blue star, Hubreicht's blue star
    Arkansas blue star is an usual, upright, narrow perennial grown for its fern-like, feathery foliage, light blue star-shaped small flowers, and beautiful golden yellow fall color. It is native to the central Midwest.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Amsonia tabernaemontana (Eastern Blue Star)

    Flowers of Eastern blue star.
    Eastern blue star, Eastern bluestar, Willow amsonia, Blue dogbane, Blue Stars
    Eastern Blue Star is a long-lived, interesting perennial native to central United States. Erect clumps of deep green, willow-like leaves add structure to the garden, steel blue star-shaped clusters open in late spring and foliage turns a beautiful golden yellow in the fall.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • North America

  • Anaphalis margaritacea (Pearly Everlasting)

    The white flowers of pearly everlasting.
    Pearly Everlasting, Pearly-everlasting, Western pearly everlasting
    Pearly everlasting is a North American native perennial found in dry sunny, gravelly fields and wood edges. It grows about 3 feet high on upright stems with a flat-topped clusters of small white flowers with yellow centers and silver-gray foliage. It blooming in late summer. This is a larval host for the painted lady butterfly.

    Size Range:

    • Medium plant (12-24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • North America

  • Andropogon gerardii (Big bluestem)

    Big blustem in fall color.
    Big bluestem, turkeyfoot
    Big bluestem is a native grass and one of the main components of the tallgrass prairies that once covered Illinois. It offers interest in the landscape throughout the winter.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Anemone canadensis (Canada Anemone)

    Canada anemone growing in a group.
    Canada anemone, Meadow anemone, Round-headed anemone, Crowfoot anemone
    Canada anemone, also known as Meadow anemone is a fast spreading, colony-forming, North American native perennial found growing in moist meadows, along wet wood edges, and along stream banks. Attractive, spring-blooming, white flowers have showy yellow center stamens on long, stalked branches.

    Size Range:

    • Medium plant (12-24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Anemone hupehensis (syn. Anemone hupehensis var. japonica) (Japanese Anemone)

    Flowers of Japanese anemone, cultivar September Charm.
    Japanese Anemone, Hybrid anemone, Windflower
    Japanese anemone and related hybrids are late summer and fall blooming perennials. Bold mounds of leaves with upright, airy stems reach 2 to 3 feet high, each with 2 1/2 wide circular flowers in white, pink, or mauve. Flowers can be single, double or semi-double and add great late season color to any garden.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches),
    • Medium plant (12-24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Anemone sylvestris (Snowdrop Anemone)

    Snowdrop anemone has fragrant white flowers.
    Snowdrop anemone, Windflower
    Snowdrop anemone is a spring-blooming, spreading perennial with slightly nodding, white flowers that rise above dark green maple-like foliage. Excellent for a woodland garden.

    Size Range:

    • Medium plant (12-24 inches),
    • Small plant (6-12 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Anemone tomentosa (Grape-leaved Anemone)

    Cultivar 'Robustissima' has mauve-pink flowers.
    Grape-leaved anemone, Grape-leaf anemone, Robust Wooly anemone, Wooly anemone
    Grape-leaved anemone is an old-fashioned, fast-growing, spreading perennial with coarse, 7-lobed, grape-like leaves. The fall-blooming, 2-inch wide, pale pink flowers rise above the foliage. Thrives in sun or shade.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Aquilegia canadensis (Wild Columbine)

    Wild columbine has unusual flowers.
    Wild columbine, Columbine, Cluckies, Jack-in-trousers
    Wild columbine is a herbaceous perennial, native to North America. The unusual, spur-shaped, red and yellow flowers hang downward from sparsely branched stems in late spring to early summer. A perfect addition for naturalizing and shady gardens.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches),
    • Medium plant (12-24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily),
    • Full shade (4 hrs or less of light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Aquilegia hybrids (Hybrid Columbine)

    Hybrid columbines have unusual, spurred flowers.
    Hybrid Columbine, Columbine
    Hybrid columbines are a great woodland perennial for the naturalized garden. Brightly colored nodding flowers, in an assorted colors, rise above gray-green mounds of fern-like foliage. Favorite of butterflies and hummingbirds.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches),
    • Medium plant (12-24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily),
    • Full shade (4 hrs or less of light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Arabis caucasica (Rock cress)

    Rock cress has white flowers and crisp green leaves.
    Rock cress, wall rock cress, garden rock cress
    Rock cress is a ground cover for small areas. It works well in rock gardens, along retaining walls and as an edging plant.

    Size Range:

    • Small plant (6-12 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Araila cordata (Japanese Spikenard)

    Flowers and leaves of Sun King Japanese spikenard.
    Japanese spikenard, Mountain Asparagus, Udo, Herbal aralia
    Japanese spikenard is a large, clump-forming perennial with huge clusters of white flowers, massive compound leaves,and showy black berries. A excellent late summer plant for back of the border, a shade garden and naturalizing.

    Light Exposure:

    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily),
    • Full shade (4 hrs or less of light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Aralia elata (Angelica tree)

    Flower clusters of angelica tree.
    Angelica tree, Japanese angelica tree
    This unusual plant is hard to define. It grows tall enough in the wild to be a tree, but is often a large shrub in landscapes. Large clusters of tiny white flowers appear in late summer followed by small, black fruit. Stems are thorny. Angelica tree has become invasive in a few areas.

    Size Range:

    • Medium tree (25-40 feet),
    • Small tree (15-25 feet),
    • Large shrub (more than 8 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

  • Aralia spinosa (Devil’s Walking Stick)

    Flowers of devil's walking stick.
    Devil’s walking stick, Hercules-club
    This unusual U.S. native has a very exotic look, with large, compound leaves and late summer flowers. Devil's walking stick has coarse, thorny stems.

    Size Range:

    • Medium tree (25-40 feet),
    • Small tree (15-25 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry)

    Bearberry has nodding, pinkish-white flowers in spring.
    Bearberry, common bearberry, kinnikinick, billberry, barren myrtle, hog cranberry, red bearberry, sandberry, manzanita, mealberry, mountain box, bear's grape
    Bearberry is a broadleaf evergreen ground cover that produces white to pinkish-white flowers and red fruit. It provides multi-season interest in the landscape.

    Size Range:

    • Low-growing plant (under 6 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • Non-native,
    • North America

  • Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-pulpit)

    Jack-in-the-pulpit in full flower.
    Jack-in-the-pulpit, Indian Turnip
    Jack-in-the-pulpit is a common native wildflower found in deciduous, moist shady woodlands growing 1 to 2 feet tall. The unusual looking flower is a 4-7 inch spathe (pulpit) that folds over the spadix (Jack) creating a protective hood. A great addition to the woodland wildflower garden.

    Size Range:

    • Medium plant (12-24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily),
    • Full shade (4 hrs or less of light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Aristolochia durior (Dutchman's pipe)

    Dutchman's pipe has a very unusual flower.
    Dutchman's pipe, pipevine
    Dutchman's pipe is a vigorous twining vine that serves as a food source for the pipevine swallowtail butterfly and its caterpillars. Also known as Aristolochia macrophylla.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • North America

  • Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (syn. Cacalia atriplicifolia) (Pale Indian Plantain)

    Pale Indian plantain in full flower.
    Pale Indian Plantain
    Pale Indian Plantain is a herbaceous perennial with a large central stalk, silvery-coated, irregularly-shaped leaves and a terminal, flat-topped, inflorescence of white flowers surrounded by stiff green bracts. The late to midsummer flowers work for naturalizing, back of the border and cottage gardens.

    Size Range:

    • Large plant (more than 24 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Aronia arbutifolia (Red Chokeberry)

    Fruit of red chokeberry.
    Red chokeberry
    A tall, multi-stemmed native shrub with abundant white flowers, red glossy berries, and outstanding red fall color. Red chokeberry is a tough, dependable plant with three-season interest, especially in shady, wet sites. It works well in a naturalized landscape or garden.

    Size Range:

    • Large shrub (more than 8 feet),
    • Medium shrub (5-8 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Aronia melanocarpa (Black chokeberry)

    Leaves and flowers of black chokeberry.
    Black chokeberry
    Black chokeberry is a dependable small to medium sized shrub with upright, mounded habit. Small clusters of white flowers in spring are followed by glossy black fruit. Dark green foliage turns reddish-purple in the fall.

    Size Range:

    • Medium shrub (5-8 feet),
    • Small shrub (3-5 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Chicago area,
    • Illinois,
    • North America

  • Aronia prunifolia (Purple chokeberry)

    Fruit of purple chokeberry.
    purple chokeberry; purple-fruited chokeberry
    Purple chokeberry is a hybrid of red chokeberry and black chokeberry. It is a multi-stemmed, large shrub with showy white spring flowers, dark green foliage, beautiful red fall color and deep purple berries. An excellent choice for massing in low, wet areas in the landscape.

    Size Range:

    • Large shrub (more than 8 feet)

    Light Exposure:

    • Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily),
    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Illinois

  • Arrhenatherum elatius var. bulbosum 'Variegatum' (Variegated tuber oat grass)

    Cultivar Variegatum has striped leaves.
    Variegated tuber oat grass, variegated bulbous oat grass, variegated orchard grass
    This species is not usually sold except as the cultivar 'Variegatum' which has striped leaves. This cultivar is a low-growing, non-native grass.

    Size Range:

    • Medium plant (12-24 inches),
    • Small plant (6-12 inches)

    Light Exposure:

    • Partial sun/shade (4-6 hrs light daily)

    Native Locale:

    • Non-native

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